ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Purpose: To ınvestigate frequency of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) among patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). Methods: The study included 83 patients with CSCR and 201 age- and sex-matched healthy controls; the mean age was 47.5 ± 11.3 years in the CSCR group (18 women; 21.7%) and 47.2 ± 11.2 years in the control group (44 women; 21.9%). All participants were assessed for FMS based on 2010 American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria and for depression and anxiety with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: FMS was diagnosed in 35 patients (42.2%) from the CSCR group and in 21 individuals (10.4%) from the control group (p<0.001). It was found in 77.77% of the women (14/18) and 32.3% of the men (21/65) in the CSCR group and in 22.7% of the women (10/44) and 7.0% of the men (11/157) in the control group. Familial stress, BDI and BAI scores were higher in the patients with FMS than in those without. When independent risk factors were evaluated by logistic regression analysis, it was found that only the presence of familial stress was a significant risk factor for FMS. Conclusions: Patients with CSCR should be assessed for the presence of FMS, and this should be taken into consideration when developing a treatment plan. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to clarify the relationship between FMS and CSCR.
RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a frequência da fibromialgia (FMS) entre os pacientes com coriorretinopatia serosa central (CSCR). Métodos: O estudo incluiu 83 pacientes com CSCR e 201 controles saudáveis pareados por idade e sexo. Todos os participantes foram avaliados com base nos critérios de diagnóstico de FMS do American College of Rheumatology de 2010 (ACR), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) e Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Resultados: A idade média foi 47,53 ± 11,33 anos no grupo CSCR (18 mulheres; 21,7%) e 47,19 ± 11,19 anos (44 mulheres; 21,9%) no grupo controle. FMS foi diagnosticada em 35 pacientes (42,2%) do grupo CSCR e em 21 indivíduos (10,4%) do grupo controle (p<0,001). FMS foi encontrado em 77,77% das mulheres (14/18) e 32,3% dos homens (21/65) no grupo CSCR e em 22,7% das mulheres controles (10/44) e 7,0% dos homens controles (11/157). Estresse familiar, BDI e BAI foram maiores nos pacientes com FMS em comparação com aqueles sem FMS. Quando os fatores de risco independentes foram avaliados por análise de regressão logística, verificou-se que apenas a presença de estresse familiar foi um fator de risco significativo para FMS. Conclusões: Os pacientes com CSCR devem ser avaliados para presença de FMS e a FMS deve ser levada em consideração durante o desenvolvimento de um plano de tratamento. São necessários mais estudos com maior tamanho da amostra para esclarecer relações entre FMS e CSCR.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Central Serous Chorioretinopathy/complications , Socioeconomic Factors , Fibromyalgia/complications , Fibromyalgia/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Sex Factors , Prospective Studies , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate correlated factors on final visual acuity in conjunction with fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). METHODS: Twenty-four patients (36 eyes) with typical findings of chronic CSCR based on medical records, FA and OCT results were enrolled in this study. We investigated demographic findings, initial and final visual acuity (VA), and some typical findings of FA including the type of leakage pattern, the existence of a gravitational tract and an abnormal hyperfluorescent area centered on the fovea. We also investigated OCT findings to examine serous retinal detachment, outer photoreceptor layer (OPRL) preservation, continuity of the inner segment (IS) and the outer segment (OS) of the photoreceptor layer in case of macular attachment, and other typical findings. The converted logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution VA was used to investigate the statistical correlation with these FA and OCT findings. RESULTS: An abnormal hyperfluorescent area within 1 macular photocoagulation study disc area on FA and cystoid degeneration on OCT were correlated with poor final VA of less than 20 / 40. However, the preserved OPRL and the continuity of IS / OS junction were correlated with a good final VA of 0.5 or more. CONCLUSIONS: These specific findings could be associated with recurrent or persistent subretinal fluid and could be important parameters of decision for treatment.